Thermoelectric generators
The thermo-generator operation is based on Seebeck effect, which was discovered in 1821 and found practical applications in current sources used for researching galvanic processes as well as different electrical processes and effects. The practical application of thermo-generators was developed in the 1950s as self-contained current sources used in districts which lacked centralized electricity supply. Rapid development of thermo-electric energetics began at the time of space exploration. Until then they used radio isotopic thermo-generators in space ships as current sources. At the same time, they were used for electrical supply of cathodic protection of main gas pipeline.
Advantages of thermo-generators:
- static single-stage system of first Type conversion, absence of moving parts;
- long operational life without service;
- the possibility to use heat from any source of thermal energy;
- capability to operate irrespective of spatial attitude;
- independence from environment (space, water, earth), in which the thermo-generator operates;
Fields of application:
- in industry, used in self-contained current sources on main gas pipelines, for consumer supply, that is located in far and hard-to-reach areas of highlands and the far north (clearing marks, weather stations and etc.);
- for Deep Space research (radio-isotopic generators and nuclear thermoelectric facilities);
- in medical use as cardio-stimulators;
- in household use as self-contained current sources. Perspectives for development in the future:
- electrical power sources for Space and World ocean research;
- self-contained power sources for appliances, serving main gas pipelines; applications in small-scale power generation.
Thermoelectric gas generator
The thermoelectric gas generator (TGG ) is a power supply of electric energy, which it generates by thermoelectric conversion, based on the Zeebeck phenomenon, at the expense of direct heat conversion, received by fuel combustion, into electric energy. TGG -150 intended for direct current supply of radioelectronic devices, complex, linear telemechanics and automatics, communications and cathode protection on trunk line gas pipe lines, on objects which lack standard power supplying units, but with available natural gas.
Advantages:
- Reliability
- Long life operating without any service in all kind of climatic zones.
- TGG is a heat source for air heating.
Prima TE works on introducing thermoelectric generators with power outputs of 150 W,200 W, 300 W, 500 W.
| Main technical specifications of TGG-150 W | |
| Optimal voltage | V: 27,5 |
| Nominal current | A: 5,45±0,2 |
| Nominal power | W, ≥: 150 |
| Fuel grade | Natural gas, Liquefied gas |
| Internal electric resistance in inactive status | Ohm,≤: 1,6 |
| Internal nominal electric resistance | Ohm, ≤: 5,0 |
| Intake gas pressure into GTG | kgs/cm2: |
| Natural gas (nozzle Ǿ 0,8 mm) | ≤0,5 Liquefied gas (nozzle Ǿ 0,6 mm): ≤1,5Specific gas discharge, g/W*h, ≤: 2,75 |
| discharge | g/W*h, ≤: 2,75 |
| Life time | years,≥: 10 |
| Autonomy | h, ≥: 8760 |
| Overall dimensions | Diameter, mm, ≤: 600 Height, mm, ≤: 906Mass, kg, ≤: 136 |
The thermoelectric self-contained current source (AITT – 500G)
The thermoelectric self-contained current source (AITT – 500G) is intended for self-contained power supply of electricity consumers, and has parameters compatible with characteristics of the specific assembly. Electrical energy is generated by a thermoelectric generator with thermal energy conversion. Consumers of electrical energy are cathodic protection systems of main gas pipelines, technological systems, field gathering systems and gas treatment and etc. The primary energy source for AITT – 500G is natural gas, flowing to the assembly from high pressure main gas pipeline ~ 100 atm. The AITT – 500G is a product of many repeated cyclical applications, which is repairable and rebuildable. The assembly fits in protection container in vandal-proof protection with a ventilation system and a fume-collecting chimney.
Advantages:
- High reliability;
- Long operation without service in any climatic zone (temperature range -52 °С … +50°С,
climatic performance UHL1 can be adapted to operate in the regions of the Far North).
| Main technical specifications | |
| Direct current output voltageon optimal load, V | 28,5±0,5 |
| Nominal power, W, not less than | 500 |
| Fuel type | Natural gas |
| Insulation resistance in cold condition,Mohm, not less than | 10 |
| Insulation resistance in operating conditionat the upper value of the operatingtemperature, Mohm, not less than | 3,0 |
| Specific gas flow rate at burner intakepressure of not more than 0,5 ATM.,m3/h, not more than | 3 |
| Life time, years, not less than | 20 |
| Self−containment, h, not less than | 8760 |
| Dimensions, mm | 2500х2500х4000 |
| Weight, kg, not more than | 2000 |
The camp thermoelectric generator «POT» PTG -40-DC
The camp thermoelectric generator «POT» PTG -40-DC is intended to receive electric power in camp conditions by heating it with water over a fire or any other heat source.
The operating principle of the PTG -40-DC is based on direct conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy on the basis of the Seebeck effect. Electric power is generated by thermoelectric batteries, containing semiconductor elements. Thermoelectric batteries generate direct electrical current when a temperature difference between hot and cold sides is provided.
The PTG is easy in use. To receive electrical power it is necessary to fill water in pot and place it on a fire (or fix it on a support). The supply of electric devices by direct voltage 12V is done through a plug, which is located on control unit cabinet of the PTG.
The supply of electric devices by alternating 220 voltage is done through a converter socket DC/AC , which is included in the PTG supply set.
The product «POT» enables you to prepare not only fish soup or boil water but at the same time provides electrical supply to the following electricity consumers:
- charging and operation of cell phone, notebook, radio set, TVset
- car battery charging
- radio station supply
- light bulb supply
Generator is a crash proof and ecologically clean product. There are no flammable materials in PTG and it makes this product flameproof and reliable.
| Main technical specifications | |
| Power on optimal load, W | 40 |
| Direct voltage at optimal load, V | 12±10% |
| Short−circuit current, not more than, A | 5,2 |
| Life time, not less than, years | 5 |
| DimensionsHeightWidthDepth | 198206328 |
| Weight, not more than, kg | 4,5 |
| Water volume, not more than, l | 9 |
| Protection class, IP | 67 |
thermoelectric generating assembly MT-G
The thermoelectric generating assembly is used for self-contained electrical supply of devices, conditioning systems, batteries, lighting and etc., in any climatic zone regardless the presence of other electrical power sources.
The operating principle is based on conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy on the basis of the Seebeck effect, which means occurrence of electromotive force (thermoelectric electromotive force) in the electrical circuit, consisting of a series of connected semiconductors p-type and n-type, contacts which are set up at different temperature modes.
Electrical energy is generated by the thermoelectric module during thermal energy conversion (by thermoelectric batteries based on bismuth telluride). Thermoelectric batteries generate direct electric current when the temperature difference between hot and cold sides is provided.
The thermoelectric generating assembly is a heat pipe, one third filled by the heat carrier. There are seven radial ring batteries mounted in the condensation zone of the heat pipe. Thermoelectric battery container is protected from environmental stress by a sealable cover in the form of a thin-walled steel pipe. The thermoelectric battery container is filled with thermoconductive inert gas (helium). Thermoelectric batteries are isolated from the metal construction of the thermoelectric generating assembly with ceramic collets. Electric energy output is achieved through a pressure-seal connector.
| Technical characteristics of thermoelectric generating assembly MT-G | |
| Direct current output voltage on optimal load, V | 20 |
| Nominal power, W, not less than,at temperature difference 220°С (temperature on hot sideof thermoelectric battery is 300°С, temperature on cold sideof thermoelectric battery is 80°С) | 130 |
| Electric resistance, Ohm | 0,98…1,26 |
| Insulation resistance, MOhm, not less than | 10 |
| Life time, years, not less than | 10 |
| Dimensions:height, mmdiameter, mm | 891130 |
| Weight, kg, not more than | 20 |
| Fuel type | Natural gas |
Self-contained current source <<Termit>>
Principle of operation:
Direct heat conversion into electricity utilizing the Seebeck effect. Due to the temperature drop across the cold and the hot side of the thermoelectric module, thermoelectric couples arranged in series generate direct current.
Application:
This self-contained current source can be used as a supply of the electric devices, devices for communication systems. Also this appliance is good at battery charging and can be used for lightning.
Self-contained current source consists of:
- thermoelectric generator (TEG )
- cover
- transportation packing
- accumulator battery
- battery charging control unit
- load synchronizer unit
Heat sources:
The combustion heat of low-calorie fuels: industrial wood residues, petrochemicals (including natural gas), peat, coal.
Hydro cooling system:
Water can circulate either in a closed or open circuit configuration.
| Main technical specifications | |
| Output electric power, W | 60 |
| Output voltage, V | 12 |
| Overall dimensions | |
| Diameter, mm | 180 |
| Length, mm | 760 |
| Weight of the TEG, kg | 20 |
| Operating life, years | 10 |